{"id":5122,"date":"2021-12-02T19:48:38","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T19:48:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stgwebsite.mindspark.in\/studymaterial\/?page_id=5122"},"modified":"2021-12-21T11:39:16","modified_gmt":"2021-12-21T11:39:16","slug":"factor-theorem-with-examples-and-faqs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stgwebsite.mindspark.in\/studymaterial\/math-concepts\/factor-theorem-with-examples-and-faqs\/","title":{"rendered":"Factor Theorem with Examples and FAQs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Section&#8221; module_class=&#8221;mainsec&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#e0f2fd&#8221; z_index=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;5px||5px||true|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;3_5,2_5&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.8&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1310px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|51px|40px|51px|false|true&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;|40px|30px|40px|false|true&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|10px|10px|10px|10px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Column L&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.10&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Acute Angles<br \/>\n&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.18em&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||4px|false|false&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;35px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Factor Theorem with Examples and FAQs<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.13.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#a01414&#8243; header_3_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;15px|15px|54px|4px|false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><b>Factor Theorem<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The factor theorem is used for factorizing a polynomial, which helps to determine the roots of the polynomial. Factor theorem is known to be a special case of a polynomial remainder theorem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><b>Statement:<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>let <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span> be a polynomial of\u00a0 degree n&gt;1 and a be any real number<\/p>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\text { (1) If } f(a)=0 \\text { then }(x-a) \\text { is a factor of } f(x) \\text {. }<\/span>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\text { (2) If }(x-a) \\text { is a factor of } f(x) \\text { then } f(a)=0 \\text {. }<\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><b>Proof:<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\text { (1) Let } f(a)=0 \\text {. }<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the division of <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x) \\text { by }(x-a)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">we will get a quotient.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let the quotient be <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">q(x)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By The Remainder Theorem, when <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">f<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is divided by <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-a<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, then the remainder is\u00a0 <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(a)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\therefore f(x)=(x-a) \\cdot q(x)+f(a)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow f(x)=(x-a) \\cdot q(x), \\quad[\\because f(a)=0]<\/span>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow(x-a) \\text { is a factor of } f(x)<\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) Let <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-a<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a factor of <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the division of <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-a)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">we will get a quotient. Let the quotient be <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">q(x)<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\therefore f(x)=(x-a) \\cdot q(x)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Putting x = a\u00a0 in the above equation we get,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(a)=(a-a) \\cdot q(a) \\Rightarrow f(a)=0 \\cdot q(x)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\therefore f(a)=0<\/span>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-a<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a factor of <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x) \\Rightarrow f(a)=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, Consider the polynomial function <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=x^{2}-17 x+16<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s find the values of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for which <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Solve the equation, assuming <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow x^{2}-17 x+16=0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow x^{2}-16 x-x+16=0 <\/span>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow(x-16)(x-1)=0 <\/span>\n<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x=16 \\text { or } x=1<\/span>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2234x-16 and x-1 are factors of fx and x=16 or\u00a0 x=1 are the solution to the equation <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x^{2}-17 x+16=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now to do the converse, and check if x-16 and x-1 are factors of fx, we will put the value of x as x=16 and\u00a0 x=1, one by one in the polynomial function, <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=x^{2}-17 x+16<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For x=16,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(16)=16^{2}-17(16)+16=256-272+16=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow f(16)=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x=1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(1)=1^{2}-17(1)+16=1-17+16=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow f(1)=0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, x-16 and x-1 are factors of <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Example<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Use the factor theorem to check if (x-5) is a factor of <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=3 x^{2}-8 x-35<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Solution<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-5=0\u21d2x=5<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By factor theorem, (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-5)<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">will be a factor of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">f<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">=3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-8x-35<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, if <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=3 x^{2}-8 x-35, \\text { if } f(5)=0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)=3 x^{2}-8 x-35<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(5)=3(5)^{2}-8(5)-35=75-40-35=0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Rightarrow(x-5) \\text { is a factor of } f(x)=3 x^{2}-8 x-35<\/span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hence<\/span> (<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x-5)<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a factor of the given polynomial <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; module_id=&#8221;stickysideR&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Column R&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#fdefe0&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;25px|25px|25px|25px|true|true&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_offset_top=&#8221;-280px&#8221; sticky_limit_top=&#8221;row&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;row&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; 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transform_skew__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_origin__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_scale__hover=&#8221;102%|102%&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Explore Other Topics<br \/>\n&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.11&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;25px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;8px|15px|0px|15px|false|true&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Explore Other Topics<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.10.7&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;2.2em&#8221; link_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;10px|15px|10px|28px|true|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div>\n<div 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width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1310px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|40px||40px|false|true&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.9.11&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;FAQ&#8221; module_class=&#8221;faqstyl&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.13.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;2.5em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#dbedc6&#8243; max_width=&#8221;80%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;30px|25px|30px|25px|true|true&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|10px|10px|10px|10px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Frequently Asked Questions<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<ol><\/ol>\n<h3><strong>Q1: What is the factor theorem?<br \/><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Ans: <\/strong>The statement of factor theorem is :<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">let <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span>be a polynomial of degree n&gt;1 and let a be any real number.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">(1) If f(a)=0\u00a0 then (x-a)\u00a0 is\u00a0 \u00a0a\u00a0 factor\u00a0 of\u00a0 \u00a0 f(x).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">(2) If\u00a0 \u00a0(x-a)\u00a0 \u00a0is\u00a0 a\u00a0 factor\u00a0 of\u00a0 f (x) then\u00a0 f(a)=0.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2. What is the significance of using the factor theorem?<br \/><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Ans: <\/strong>The factor theorem is used for factoring a polynomial, which helps to determine the roots or zeros of the polynomial.<br \/><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q3. How to find if ( x-a) is a factor of a polynomial <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span>?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Ans: <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">( x-a)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a factor of a polynomial <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">f(x)<\/span> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if and only if, for<span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">x=a, f(x)=0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meta Description: We can calculate the sum of the terms in a geometric progression using the formula  S = a(1-r^n)\/(1-r) when r < 1 and  S = a(r^n-1)\/(r-1)when r>1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"parent":714,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.6 - 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